Control systems for Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning (HVAC) equipment may have a wide variety of definitions. However, they essentially depend on the scale at which you use them. In a nutshell, HVAC controls are any hardware that helps to regulate the functioning of HVAC systems.
A thermostat that controls a standalone Air Conditioner is a common sight in homes. Hence, changing the thermostat's temperature also changes the unit's setpoint, giving you full command over its operation.
For bigger buildings, the HVAC controls integrate into a broader building automation or energy management system
Automatic Control Systems for Buildings
Mechanical systems in big buildings are notoriously complex, and it's essential that they run smoothly! Hence, the buildings may maximize their potential while minimizing energy loss.
Common examples of such systems include heat control, lighting, fire alarm, and security. In this article, will only address HVAC control systems that operate independently.
Hence, to make things clear, we'll classify the standard HVAC Control system into four sections:
- Computer/ software system
- Networking Infrastructure
- Controllers
- End Devices
Computer or Software System
The front-end software or computer is sometimes known as a workstation or the head-end. This is the main control panel from which an operator may monitor field activities and issue commands.
By keeping an eye on the system's inputs, users may see the effects of the controlled signals transmitted. So, if a damper on an air duct is closed and is directed open, the temperature in that zone will begin to decrease.
Network Infrastructure
CAT-5/6 Ethernet and RS-485 twisted pair cables make up the backbone of the most up-to-date HVAC control networks.
Head-end signals go by CAT 5/6 Ethernet connection to the controllers, while controller-to-controller and controller-to-field device communications are handled over RS-485 cables.
Controllers
It can monitor and/ or control other devices on the network while linked to the network backbone.
End Device
Instruments such as temperature and humidity sensors, circuit-opening relay switches, and force-generating actuators all fall under this category. Hence, multiple terminals exist in this system.
All four of these parts work together to form an HVAC control system., Its main objective is to keep people inside the building as comfortable and safe as possible! However, the priority is to use as little energy as feasible.
Taking Advantage of Control Systems
The major purpose and advantage of HVAC controls are to ensure the comfort of the building's inhabitants. When input data combines with DDC pinpoint control, hot and cold areas in a building almost eliminate.
Energy use in commercial buildings often divides in two. The larger portion goes toward heating, ventilation, and air conditioning. To lower their energy bills and an overall impact on the environment, facility managers might use management measures that lessen energy usage.
Conclusion
A well-maintained HVAC control system will allow you to delegate the management of your HVAC system to a computer. This will help you free up your time to focus on other, more important tasks.
The added layer of security that these technologies give is an underappreciated benefit. Now, more than ever, it's crucial that building owners be able to regulate the air quality!